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Scholarship Or Propaganda?


Here are some points to consider to determine whether the information you retrieve from either print or electronic resources represent objective scholarship on the topic or simply propaganda:

SCHOLARSHIP

Strives for truth and admits weaknesses

Presents other points of view and may include dissenting points of view

Attempts to be fair-minded and admits bias or viewpoint

Interprets data carefully whether they support or refute a premise

Invites critical analysis

Invites continuing research

PROPAGANDA

Operates with many levels of both truth and falsehood

Presents one point of view as the only point of view

Misleads deliberately

Manipulates charts, graphs, statistics to support a premise

Provides ready-made answers and solutions to problem

Results in changed attitude and/or motivation to action to be successful



 

Updated August 16, 2004

Permission is granted for unlimited non-commercial use of this guide.

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